An Explainer: Municipal Corporation
In India, municipal corporations govern cities that have a population of more than a million. A municipal corporation, which comprises a mayor and several councillors, is responsible for building civic infrastructure, transportation networks and provide other services using property tax revenues in the city. It also receives aid from the state government.
Largely inherited from the British, municipal corporations were initially rooted in the concept of self-governance. But this goal has not yet materialised. In India, even though municipal corporations have a much better understanding of local problems, state and central governments have more power to take decisions on such issues.
Maharashtra chief minister Devendra Fadnavis recently said he believed in mayors having more power over decisions governing their cities. In cities like Mumbai, even though there is a broad consensus within municipal corporations and the city on what needs to be done, decisions are made by state concerned or the Centre which is elected largely by rural voters. Even though the 'Housing for All' Mission is a central government initiative, municipal corporations often play a key role in implementation of such schemes. The largest municipal corporations in India are in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore and Hyderabad.
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